Two years ago some of the overseas companies who were
unaware of India’s new tax, were put off by notices from
the tax department. While many foreign companies
complied and paid the tax to close the matter, some of
them had then questioned the practice of serving notices
or summons via emails. “The overseas entities were of
the impression that such communications, in accordance
with international law, must be routed through their
respective governments, as the local tax department does
not have the jurisdiction,” said a lawyer specialising
in taxation of digital services.
Unlike the Rs 20 lakh threshold for levy of GST on
domestic entities, the tax is applicable on various
cross-border services irrespective of any cut-off
amount.
A 15% penalty can be imposed by the tax office if it
believes that the GST was “intentionally avoided”. Some
of the companies forked out the penalty as the amounts
were not significant enough to initiate litigation but
they were upset for having been categorised as `tax
evaders’ because home country regulations could require
them in future to disclose the information in some of
the regulatory filings.
The services targeted by the GST office come under the
category of Online Information Database Access and
Retrieval (OIDAR) services which are sold over the
internet and received by recipients online without
having any physical interface with the supplier of such
services. As per this definition, GST is applicable on
automated services involving minimum human intervention.
Under the circumstances, services in the form of a
recorded educational video or gaming platform or even an
offshore cryptocurrency trading platform could attract
GST; however, it cannot be imposed on a live classroom
session held by an overseas university.
Thus emails have so far been sent to foreign B2C
players. If services are bought by registered business
entities in India, then the recipient of the service is
liable for payment of GST as OIDAR services are under
the list of `Reverse Charge Services’ rules of GST.
While under GST goods or services are taxed at the place
of consumption, Reverse Charge means that the liability
to pay tax is on the recipient of supply of goods or
services instead of the supplier for notified categories
of supply.
The GST on OIDAR bears certain similarities to the 2%
‘equalisation levy’ (EL) - introduced in Finance Act
2016 and broadened in 2020 --- to address the tax
challenges posed by the increased digitalization of the
economy. While EL was proposed to tax businesses which
pay no income tax in countries where their markets lie,
a non-resident business entity cannot offset the EL
outgo against the income tax (if any) it pays in its
home country. However, GST as well as EL raise the cost
of overseas services received by consumers in India.
Source:::THE ECONOMIC TIMES,
dated 21/04/2022.